Which of the following is an adverse effect of high velocity flow in piping?

High velocity flow in piping systems can lead to an increased danger of hydraulic shock, which is often referred to as "water hammer." This phenomenon occurs when a fluid moving at a high speed is suddenly stopped or redirected, creating a pressure surge that travels through the system. The sudden change in momentum can cause significant pressure fluctuations and can potentially lead to damage in pipes, fittings, and connected equipment.

Understanding this concept is essential for plumbing design because managing the dynamics of fluid flow is crucial for maintaining the integrity of a piping system. Engineers often take precautions such as installing air chambers, pressure relief valves, or maintaining appropriate flow velocities to mitigate the risks associated with hydraulic shock.

The other options do not align with the adverse effects of high velocity flow. For instance, reduced noise, improved fluid temperature control, and decreased erosion and corrosion do not typically relate to high-velocity conditions; in fact, higher flow rates can bring about noise issues, temperature fluctuations, and increased wear from erosion and corrosion due to faster-moving water and greater turbulence.