What maximum velocity should never be exceeded to ensure proper plumbing design?

To ensure proper plumbing design, the maximum water velocity should not exceed 10 feet per second (fps). Exceeding this threshold can lead to several issues that compromise the plumbing system's integrity and efficiency.

When water flows at velocities higher than 10 fps, it may cause significant turbulence within the pipes, leading to increased friction loss. This turbulence can result in noise, which can be a nuisance in both residential and commercial settings. Additionally, high velocities can contribute to erosion of pipe material, particularly in metallic pipes, and can lead to premature failure or leaks.

Sticking to a maximum water velocity of 10 fps is a widely accepted standard in plumbing design, as it balances efficient flow with the potential for overloading the system and reducing the lifespan of the plumbing infrastructure. This standard is designed to promote not only efficient water delivery but also minimize wear and tear on the system components.