What is the purpose of specifying minimum pipe sizes in domestic water design?

Specifying minimum pipe sizes in domestic water design is fundamentally aimed at ensuring that the flow velocity remains within optimal limits for the system. Maintaining flow velocity below a certain threshold, typically around 10 feet per second (fps), is important because it helps to reduce issues such as noise, wear on the pipes, and mechanical stress that can occur at higher velocities. When velocities are too high, there is also a risk of water hammer, which can lead to pressure surges and damage in the system. By adhering to established guidelines for maximum flow velocity, designers can enhance the durability of the plumbing system while ensuring efficient water delivery to fixtures and appliances.

In this context, specifying minimum pipe sizes is a critical aspect of design that directly influences operational efficiency and performance of the plumbing system.